Vtol aircraft with tiltable propellers

ABSTRACT

Not requiring aileron, elevator, rudder, flap, slat, horizontal and vertical stabilizer and not transferring vibration to the fuselage 
     In this invention the engine and fuselage (hanging under wing) are the same as those in other airplane but the wing (just one) is different, 
     It has rectangular shape with triangular leading edge and consists of wing box(embedded in wing) to which four rotating taper tubes are attached, each with a propeller, that is, one pair for each side of wing box. 
     There are two turbo shaft engines, each engine runs one pair of propellers, via shafts and gear boxes. 
     Now smooth rotation of taper tube will tilt the propeller up to 90′ using stepper motor, so propeller can tilt from horizontal (takeoff and landing) mode to vertical(cruise)mode. 
     also change of propeller&#39;s pitch angle or tilt of propeller or engine power adjusting separately or in combination, act as flight control surfaces, providing all flight directions including pitch, yaw, bank, 
     Heading, etc

THE TECHNICAL BACKGROUND OF INVENTION

The technical background of invention is concerned with designing the moving system of aircraft with the ability to fly vertically.

TECHNICAL PROBLEMS AND OBJECTIVES

Lots of vertical flight aircrafts have been designed in the world. However, they have not been developed considering their high obstacles. One of the most important reasons is the high cost of designing, production and maintenance. On the other hand what make the passengers nervous are the vibrations of wings during the passage of aircraft through the turbulence which transmits to the cabin. However, in the present invention the Fuselage is separated from the wing which helps the cabin to be calm at low altitude and bad weather condition.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

There exists some similarities between the invention and the patent number U.S. Pat. No. 8,016,226B 1, however, the present invention has some differences.

1. It doesn't have empennage, flap, and aileron

2. The fuselage is hanging under wing so that the vibration of wing can't transfer to fuselage

3. The propellers are controlled separately.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In the present invention some changes have been made on the wing of the aircraft, as a result the applications of forwarding flight have been created without needing aileron, flap, slat, rudder, elevator, horizontal and vertical stabilizer.

In this invention, one pair of propeller has been installed at each side of the wing box. The propellers are connected to the engines via gear boxes and shafts. The propellers are tiltable and they can tilt around the shaft axis with an angle of 90 degrees.

The propellers are horizontal during takeoff and landing. afterwards, the angle changes to a vertical mode and the forward movement of the aircraft starts. In cruise mode, the engine power exhaust helps the propellers' power to get the aircraft speed to a desirable point.

Since aileron, flap, slat, rudder, elevator, horizontal and vertical stabilizer have been removed in this invention, in case the aircraft needs to bank, yaw, pitch, heading, all of the tasks are performed by changing the propeller's pitch angle, propellers tilt or engine power adjusting, separately or combination of them. Moreover, in order not to transfer the vibrations of wing to cabin during its passage through the climate compact and low pass, the fuselage is separated from the wing but they are connected to each other by strong shock observers.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1. A complete shape of vehicle in ground mode, it comprises a fuselage, two power shaft engines, wing and fairings, four tiltable propellers, And four landing gears at four corners of wing box

FIG. 2. The wing box with components jointed to it.

FIG. 3. Wing (just one wing) is of rectangular type with triangular leading edge.

FIG. 4. Stepper motor and taper tube mechanism is designed to tilt propeller and also the related gear box and propeller gear box are seen

FIG. 5. It shows the side view of apparatus without propeller's fairings.

FIG. 6. The disclosure of gear boxes and shaft's arrangement and the connection of right and left fore gear boxes (to be considered when one engine fails)

FIG. 7. Propeller's position revealed in cruise mode

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

FIG. 1. (1) fuselage, including passenger and control cabin; (2) two turbo shaft engines; (3) wing with embedded wing box; (4) four tiltable propellers, one pair for each side of wing box; (5) fairings are installed around the propellers and wing cavity to make airflow streamlined; (6) landing gears stowed in outboard of spars in flight time which operate by landing gear actuator.

FIG. 2. (7) wing box, also as fuel tank, must be strong enough to carry flight loads and component's weight; (8) wing cavity is provided in each side of wing box to install gearboxes, shafts, and taper tube's mounts and etc; (9) front spar (fore end of wing box); (10)aft spar (rear end of wing box).

FIG. 3. Wing, with rectangular shape and triangular leading edge.

FIG. 4. (11) taper tube, to tilt propeller; (12) shaft, connecting fore or aft gear box to propeller gear box via inside of taper tube; (13) propeller gear box, to run the propeller; (14) bearings, supporting the shaft inside of tube; (15) taper tube mount with embedded bush so that the tube can rotate in side of mount freely; (16) brake mechanism, helping the stepper motor gear box to avoid unwanted rotating of tube when no command is applied; (17) stepper motor assembly, rotating taper tube in order to tilt the propeller; (18) gear box.

FIG. 19) wing (side view) with embedded wing box; (20) shaft, connecting the fore gear box to aft gear box; (21) landing gear actuator operating the landing gear; (22) fuselage paylon equipped with strong shock observers; (23) engine paylon equipped with fore and aft mounts; (24) APU recommended; (25) engine output shaft, that goes to foreword gear box

FIG. 6. (26) foreword gear box transfers the engine output shaft to aft gear box and foreword propeller's gear box; (27) aft gear box connects foreword gear box output shaft to aft propeller's gear box; (28) clutch, used during emergency case, when one engine fails it connects two(left and right) fore gear boxes; (29) inverter, making the rotation of right propellers opposite to left propellers rotation in case of one engine fail; (30) shaft, connecting two clutches; (31) conduit, protecting the inverter and clutches and shaft against fuel.

FIG. 7. the position of propellers in cruise mode. 

1. Designing VTOL Aircraft with Tillable Propellers not requiring aileron, flap, slat, rudder, elevator, horizontal and vertical stabilizer and not transferring the vibration of wing to the cabin
 2. Wing (just one wing) has rectangular shape with triangular leading edge
 3. According to claim 2: wing box embedded in wing which must be strong enough to carry fuel ,flight load, and component's weight
 4. According to claim 1: one pair of propeller have been installed at each side of wing box, and connecting to the one turbo shaft engine via gear boxes and shafts.
 5. According to claim 1: one stepper motor rotates the taper tube in order to tilt the propeller and a brake system preventing the tube from unwanted rotation.
 6. According to claim 5: The propellers are tillable and they can tilt around the shaft axis with an angle of 90 degrees. The propellers are horizontal during take off and landing . Then angle changes to a vertical mode and the forward movement of the aircraft starts.
 7. According to claim 6: In cruise mode, the engine power exhaust helps the propellers power to get the aircraft speed to a desirable point.
 8. According to claim 1: Since aileron, flap, slat, rudder, elevator, horizontal and vertical stabilizer have been removed in this invention, in case the aircraft needs to bank, yaw, pitch, heading, all of the tasks are performed by changing propeller's pitch angle, propellers tilt , or engine power adjusting, separately or combination of them.
 9. According to claim 1: the fuselage is separated from the wing but they are connected to each other by strong shock observers which helps the cabin to be calm at low altitude and bad weather condition
 10. According to claim 4: if one engine fails all propellers become automatically horizontal, then other engine will operates all propellers Via two clutches and shafts and one inverter. 1 